Railway signaling.



.H. WJGRIFFIN.

RAILWAYSIGNALING. APPLICATION FILED APR. 28. ms.

1,254,038. Patented J an. 22,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

FIG.'1

H. W. GRIFFIN.

' RAILWAY SIGNALING.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28. 1913- 1,254,038. Patented Jan. 22, 1918.1

3 SHEETS-4MB 2.

FIG. 2

wrmssszs INVENTOR WEST H. W. GRIFFIN. RAILWAY SIGNALING.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28. I913.

1,254,038. Patented Jan. 22, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES l V SIAIBQQ rATENT A HENRY W. enIFFINLJI'or NEW. Yemen; nssicmon TO THE UNION swrren a SIGNAL GOMPANY',- on ,SWIISSVA-IJE; PENNSYLVANIA; A CORPORATION or PENNSYLVANIA.

HRAILWAFZ smnALme.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. ,1918

offNew Yorkg have iriWntedcerte-ili new and tiseilila lniproren'ients in Railway Signix-ling; or which the 'lollowing'is a speci{ lication.

My invention relates to railway signaling for single track over which t'raflic moves in both directions, such for exar'nple, as for stretches of single track between passing sidings.

I willdescribe one form of railway signaling embodying my invention, and then point" out the novel features thereof in claims. v

'lhe present ap licationisa continuation of'iny application filed Jlil'y 31'; 1912, Serial No. 712,531, forrrtilw a'y signalin Irrthe accompanyin drfiwing's, Figure 1 isit diztgrztmnfzrtie view 'showili'g' a stre'tch of 'rail'w ay track'liavin%" ingsjys'te'in embodying my invention. Figs 2 and 3 areviews similar to Fig; 1 but-showin the effect on the apparatus'of the presence of a car or train at two points in the stretch. Figs! 4 and 5 are views showing 'Ino cl ification's of certain relaysshown inthe preceding views. Similar-r reference characters-refer tos1m1- lar parts in eachof the several views.

"Referring to the art-win s; A is'e'stretch 'offtrack hetween" two passing sidings C and D. Traffic through the" stretch A-fro'lnfie'st west is governed by signafl'sfi, f an'd fi. The

track'fsections is provided with a track cir cnit "comprising 2t source of current I)" and a trackrelay' T T DPT: -f As here shown,' a

-- aiv oropposing signals is locatedfaldjstcent each Zj uirction bf two adj acentf track sections 5 although I do not wish to nnnr-myseH-te this particular arrangement of sign als. it Adja'ce'nt one end of the stretch Ais a preliljni '5 nnEry "track section d which" is also" pm vid'ed" with a sou'reeof current mnemrgwr relay Ti" 4 1 *Each signal i-s provided with mono-bun circnit,'- oth r which end-users women i by as signal relay provided for the? corra aipplied thereto one sponding' signal. As here shown signal re lay R c'o'l'itrols signatl, relay R controls signal 2, relay R controls signhl' 3, and-so on; For example, the circuit; fOr'signa'PQ 31s from battery B through-Wire 9;ar'niat1ire contact 10 f signulrelhy ltflwire 11, signal 2,wv'ire 1'2 and common wire 0 to ba't tery B'L t l'he clrcults for the other s1gnals'ztresnn1- lar to that for signal 2; hence, they need'llot be traced in detail herein. Each signal relay is provided with a'controlling circuit each of which circuits is controlled by the track relay for the track sec tion over which the corresponding sigmn governs traflic and each of which circuits is also controlletlnnder certain conditions by vzince governing trafiic'in the seine diree tion.

wires 15 'alid 16, armature 1 (if track relay T wire 1"8,- signalwrelny R Wire 19, coni nion Wire "0 t' o'batt erj B The circuits for the ofiher'fsignail relays are similar to" that because thisis the relay for the last'si'giiatl of the stretch and thei'eis n preliminary sectional; that-end.

11; will {be seen frolnihe' foregoingithot' when-any signal rela is "dnergi ze'd, it won For example, the circuit for signal relay R is from battery B through wire 13," armature contact 14 of signal r'el ty R 5 Signal n tn the r governing es Sam-e direction; thereby eein thelist niei fftioiledi nal jzijt dangerjand that opening (if-he Signal relay for the mentioned signal wilhin turn; ofien the cuit of the" signal relay" fhr the new; signal in the rear governing "trtifiic insanie direc tion, cherebyplacmg thats'ignal at (longer; I

thefcilic iiitj of sign'alreley R corn rises wire 20, armature eom'act 21 of rel'aly' and wire branch for each signal relay circuit is lar to that for the circuit of signal relay R hence they need not be traced indetail herein. Each auxiliary relay is provided with a pick-up circuit and also with a holding circuit, which latter circuit in cludes a front contact of that auxiliary relay, andis, therefore,- also a stick circuit. For example, the pick-up circuit for relay X is from battery B through wire -23, armature front contact 24 of relay R wire 25,.armature contact 26 of relay R, wire 27, relay X, wire 33, back contact 34 of relay X ,;and wire 28 to common wire 0 and battery B. It will be seen that this circuit can be closed only when relay R is energized. and relay R is de'energized and when auxiliary relay X is deenergized. The holding circuit for relay X is from battery B through Wire 23, armature back contact 24 of relay R, wire 29, armature contact 32 .of relay X wire 30, relay. X, wire 33, back contact 34 of relay .wire 28 to common Wire 0 and battery B. It will be seen that this holding circuit is closed only after relay X has been picked up and when relay R is deenergized.

With the arrangement of p ck-up and holding circuits for relay X? shown in Fig. 1 and just traced, there is a. brief interval of time between the opening. of the from point of contact 24 and-the closingof the back point of this contact, during which interval relay X is on open circuit. I have found by-experience that when relay R is a usual commercial relay having the usual contact adjustment, this interval is so short that relay X* remains closed; hence, it is not absolutely necessary to make relay X slowacting or to adjust contact 24 in a special manner. Relay R may, however, if desirable, be constructed as indicated in Fig. 4, that is, the contact 24 may be so constructed and adjusted that when the relay opens, the back point of this contact closes before the front point of the same contact opens. Or, if desired, contact 24 of relay B may remain aslindicated'in Fig. 1, and

each of the otherfauxiliar relay X may be made slow a'cting as indi cated in Fi 5. i p The picl -up and holdinglcircuits for relays .X X etc., are similar to the circuits just traced for relay X. I 1.

Referring now, particularly to Fig; 1, it

will be seen that when the entire stretch A. is unoccupied by a, car or train,each signal relay R R etc., is ener "zed andthe circuit for each signal governing traflic through the stretch is, therefore, closed so that each of these signals islin' clear osition. Re-

ferring now particularly to 1g. 2, When a westbound car or train W enters the stretch A from siding D, itdener izes trackrelay T thereby opening the circuit for signal siminal 3 to change to anger indication, and: the

opening of signal relay RF opens the circuit of signal relay R thereby causing signal 1 to change to danger indication. It will be seen, therefore, that the. presence of..the\ car or train W in track section a causesea-ch of the si nals. 1, 3 and 5, governing traflic in the direction opposite to the .dlrection of:

movement of the car or train, to indicate. danger, thereby prohibiting the passage of a car or train through the stretch A in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of car or train W. It is desirable, however, that following movements in the same direction shouldbe .permitted, but that following cars or trains should be separated by the distance between two successive signals. That is, it is desirable that as a car or train proceeds through the stretch A, each signal behind the car or. train governing traflic in the direction of movement of the car or tr ai n, sl 1ould change to; clear indication as soon. as the car or trainleaves the territory which is protected by such signal. This feature of control is obtained by means of the auxiliary relays X X etc., andby the branch circuits controlled by these relays in the manner which I will now explain.

Referring. still to Fig. 2, it will be seen that .the opening-of signal relay R closes the. pick-up .circuit for auxiliary relay X so that thisrelay is now closed. Similarly, it will be seen that the opening of relay R caused relayX to be closed and that the openingofrelay R causes relay X to be closed.

,Referring now to-Fig. 3, as the car or traih W passes from track section a to track section (1?, .it. opens track relay T thereby deenergizing signal relay R. Inasmuch as relay X isalready closed, the opening of relay R closes the. holding circuit of. .relayX and this latter relay, therefore, remains closed, When the car or train passes entirely T closes, thereby closing the circuit of signal .relay Ri through armature. contact 21 of auxiharyrelay X* so that signal-2 changes to, ,clear indication, thereby permitting a following westbound car or train to. enter stretch A Similarly, as the car ortrain W passes fromitracksection a to track section a}, it allows thecircuit of si a1 relay R. toclosethrough the contact o tiuxiliary relay X, thereby permitting si al 4 to change 7 to clear indication. Similar y, as the car or train. passes from track section a into track section afi it allows ,relay. R to close, thereby out of track section a", track relay I cation.=.,; Asthe car or, tio'n aFlinto section a 1theclosure of track that methampermitting signal 6 to change to clear inditrainlpas'ses from sec relay- Tlxallows signalrelay R to beclosed as. justexplained. The closing of relay-R opens the holding circuit for relaygX so re ay then-opens, but since i v relay R is then'closed'the circuit for signal I relay R, thereby opening'relay'X? transferrin the circuit for relay-Rf-from 1b 'a contact o relay X to a contact ofrelayR.

I latter relay as at'contact'ltof the own in Fig. 1; Similarly, whenthewcar or train'passes from section a to section atvthe: closure of-relay T closes andgthus relay It is com leted iWith": the arrangement of apparatus :and I circuitshere shown, g asses'fmm track 860M011 a into" track when the car or train section at, the closing iof track relay-T signal fo changes" closes-'thecircuit for si alrelay R so that to c ear; indication. AL

thoughfrelayR is then ,closed' andrelay R I open, relay X does not close because its cirp, .{cuit includes back contact 34 of relay X "whichfrelay 1s' closed.- Similarly, as the car or train passes a sections, the; closing oftrack relay T closes y the circuit "of signal relay R already closed) and signal 3, therefore,

,changes to from track section a" to track clear indication. Also as the car 7 passes fromtrack; section a into track sect on at, the closing of track relay T closeswthe circuit-"ofsignal relay R that si nal 1 changes to clear indication. i en an eastbound train enters prelimfinary' section (1, 1t opens track relay T thereby causing signals 6, 4 and 2 to change a "todanger indication. The operation of the a system durin the passage'of. this eastbound the stretch A is similar car or train t rough to the operation herelnbefore explained for v the passage lof a westbound car or train,

hence it need not be explained herein.

It will be noted that by means of the preat, the possibility of two 'carsfo'rtrains moving in opposite directions entering the stret liminary section 11 A past signals and 2 at the same Instant is avoided.

i system embodying my invention,

stood that varlous chan may be made appended'g claims; without departing from Although I have herein shown and described only one form of railway signaling it is undertherein wlthin the scope of the the spirit and scope of my invention;-

Having thus described my invention, What I. claim is 1. In railway signaling, astretch of sin-- gle track, signalslocated at intervals for governing tra c in one direction through the stretch and other signals located atinvtervals for governing traflic in the otherdi- .rection' through"the'stretch, a signal relay .i for the control of each signal, a circuit for as I each signal relay each of which circuits in- (relay B being es and modifications cludes a contact. of the signal relay for the next signal in advance, verning traflic in the same direction, trac with the stretch for controlling the circuits of the signalrelays, an auxiliary relay for [relays connected V each signal relay and having a front contact connected in'shunt-to the said front contact of the signal relay, ipick-up circuit for each auxiliary relay (including a front contact of f the corresponding signal relay and zagback vcontact of thesignal relay for an adiaceut signal governing traflic imthe opposite d1'-;

motion, anda holding, circuit for each auxcorresponding signal relay. 7

divided into a plurality of control tions, a pair of opposingsignals loca stantially at each junction of 'adjacent sec ions for governing trailic in'opposite'directions, asignal relay for the control tot-each. f signal, a clrcuit for each signal relayeach of y which circuits is controlled by-a front contact'of the signal relay for the signal next in advance governing traific in the same direceaclr'controllingjsection for the control of the circuit of the signal relay for each signal governing traflic through nt-he section; a

branch f0pgach i 1 relay cuit around 7 v v m t the signal relay contact which controls such circuit, an auxiliary relay for the control of iliary relay-including a back/contact of the -s01 2. In combinatiomastretch'ofsingletrack sub tion, a track relay connectedwith the rails of v each branch, a ClOSlIlg or pickqip' "circuit for each auxiliary rela includin a front contact of the signal re ay whose rst-mentioned contact is bridged by the corres ending branchcircuit and aback contact 0 the si nal relay for the adjacentopposing signa and a holding or. stick circuit for each auxiliar relay including a front contact of the signal, a circuit rior each at intervals for gov-. y direction through the I stretch and ther signals located atintervals a ose I firstmentioned contact is Y bridged by the corresponding branch.

sign'al relay for; the; 5 11's signal relay each of which circuits is controlled'by a front contact of the signal-relay for the a next signal inv advance governing 'trafiic in the same direction, track relays, connectedwith the'stretch for controlling" the signal relay circuits, an auxiliaryrelay by for each signal relay and havinga front con:

tact connected inshunt to the saidfront con:-

tact of the signal relay; a. pick-upflcircuit] h '125 v nding signal relay the; signal 'relayfor for each auxiliary relay-includinga front contact of, the corres and a back contactv o an adjacent signal governing trafiic in the opposite direction and aback contactofthe, 5

auxiliary relay "for: the lasbmentioned'signal through means controlled by each signal relay; anda holdingcircuit for each auxiliary relay including a back contact of the corresponding signalrelay anda front contact of the auxiliary relay.. a

4. In combination, a stretch of track, signals governing traflic in one direction through said stretchand other signals governing traflic in the other direction the stretch, a line circuit for each signal for the control thereof, track circuits for the stretch for controlling said line Gil c'uits, means for controlling the line circuit for each signal by the line circuit for the signal nextinadvance governing traflie in the same direction, an auxiliary relay for each signalifor removing theline circuit for the signal from control by the line circuit for the signal next in advance, and a train entering" the stretch for actuating the auxiliary relay for governing traflic in the direction in which the train is movingJ:

In combination, a stretch of railway track, signals governing trailic in one direction, through said stretch andother signals governing traflic in the other direction through said stretch, a signal relay :for each signal, track circuits for the stretch for controlling said signal relays, means for controlling each Signal relay by the relay for the signal next in advance governingtraffic-in the same direction, an auxiliaryrelay for each signal for removingt'he signal relay for such signal from control means' controlled by a train entering the stretch for actuating the auxiliary relay for each-signal governing trailic in the direction in which the trainismoving. r

'6. In combination, a stretch of railway track, signals located at intervals :for governing traflic through said stretch in-one direction, a line circuit for each signal for the control thereof, track circuits for the stretch EfOI" controlling said line circuits, means for controlling the line circuit for each signal'by the line circuit-for the signal next, in advance, anauxiliary relay 'for' each signal for removing the line circuit for the signal from control by the line circuit for the signal next,in-;advance, and means controlled by a trainenteringthe stretch and moving-in the: direction in which said signals govern traflic'for.actuatin'geach of said auxiliary relays. :1 In. testimony-whereof I aflix in presence of two witnesses. V

I V HENRY V, GRIFFIN. WVitnesses; a

A.. M. LINnENS'rRUTH,

Enw. BOGARDUS.

Copies of this pat ent may be obtained for fivecents each, by addressing the conimissioner otf Patents.

Washingtonfll. C. I

by the Sig-- cal-relay for the signal next in advance, and railway my signature 

